Hybrid and cybersecurity threats and the European Union’s financial system

My paper with Guntram Wolff presented at the informal Econfin in Helsinki. We document the rise in hybrid threats and cyber attacks in the European Union. Exploring preparations to increase the resilience of the financial system they find that at the individual institutional level, significant measures have been taken, but the EU finance ministers should advance a broader political discussion on the integration of the EU security architecture applicable to the financial system.Full paper here.